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101 Camping Out Ideas & Activities
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THE TOTEM POLE
Carving a totem pole is a splendid thing to do. Ask a forest ranger or the owner of the property on which a tree was felled for the fallen trunk. Then, start to work with your ax and knife, and later with your paintbrush. With careful work and imaginative planning, you should be able to make a totem pole similar to those the Indians made.
Since many of the Indians' totems represented their guardian spirits, each figure had a specific meaning. Some intricately carved figures on the totem poles represented tribal laws, customs, and usages covering kinship, marriage, property and descent. If your totem pole is to be authentic, see that the figures you carve have some personal meaning to you.
Hilunga or Tatooch, the thunderbird.
He is the powerful creator and ruler of all the elements and spirits.
We recognize the beating of his wings and sparkling of his eyes as thunder and lightning.
If you travelled through Alaska today, you would see totem poles rising in the midst of Indian villages. Many tower as high as 30 to 50 feet and are 3 or 4 feet thick. Usually they stand in front of the owner's house, but they often also serve as cornerposts of the huts themselves. Powerful forms of animals and humans are artfully carved into the wood and painted with rich colors. The Indians prepare these paints themselves according to traditional recipes of ashes, burned colored shells, mosses, and various stones mixed with plant and animal fats.
In British Columbia there are also totem figures standing today which have not changed their forms or meanings for hundreds of years. Some of them are illustrated here.
Eh-Halie, the whale, the personification of evil powers.
Yelth or Hooyah, the raven. He gave the Indians light, fire and water. He could assume the form of a human or an animal according to his desires.
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Chak- Chak, the eagle, a symbol of great wisdom.
Chet-Woot, the bear, a symbol of great strength and noble spirit
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Kwel-Kwel, the owl.
He endowed the medicine men with their secret powers.
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